代詞講解

一、人稱代詞和物主代詞

1.人稱代詞。

人稱代詞包括主格和賓格。主格常做主語(yǔ)，賓格常做賓語(yǔ)，放在動(dòng)詞、介詞后。主格包括：I, you, he, she, it，we, they。賓格包括：me, you, him, her, it, us, them。如：

1)I am a teacher. 我是一個(gè)老師。

2)She is a student. 他是一個(gè)學(xué)生。

3)Give me the book. 給我那本兒書(shū)。

It 的用法。

1)it代替上文提到的事或物。

2)用于句型中：

think /find /feel it + adj./n. (for sb.)to do

It is + adj./n. + that +句子

It is + adj./n.(for sb.) to do

It takes sb. st. to do

3)代替人：嬰兒，遠(yuǎn)處的人，照片中的人，敲門的人。如：

It must be my teacher. 他肯定是我的老師。

Who’s it over there?那邊兒他是誰(shuí)?

2.物主代詞。

物主代詞包括形容詞性的物主代詞和名詞性的物主代詞。前者相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，后者相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。前者包括：my, your, his, her, its, our, their。后者包括：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs。尤其是名詞性的物主代詞是重點(diǎn)考察內(nèi)容。如：

1)This is my book. 這是我的書(shū)。

2)This isn't your pen. Yours is on the desk. 這不是你的鋼筆。你的鋼筆在桌子上。

二 . 反身代詞。

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)和后邊的人指同一個(gè)人時(shí)，用反身代詞。如：

I do homework by myself.

反身代詞包括：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves。它們經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在詞組中，如：

by oneself, 通過(guò)某人自己

say to oneself, 自言自語(yǔ)

think to oneself, 自言自語(yǔ)

think of oneself, 想到某人自己

dress oneself, 給某人自己穿衣服

enjoy oneself, 玩兒的高興

teach oneself, 自學(xué)

learn by oneself, 自學(xué)

make oneself feel at home,使某人自己感覺(jué)賓至如歸

help oneself to + n.…, 隨便吃點(diǎn)兒

help oneself, 幫助某人自己

leave sb. by oneself, 把某人自己?jiǎn)为?dú)留在家里

lose oneself in/into…, 把某人自己沉浸在……

look after oneself, 照料自己

take care of oneself照料自己

三. 不定代詞。

不定代詞包括：some, any, many, much, little, few, a little, a few, every, each, both, either, neither, all, none, other, another, no, one以及由some, any, every, no和body, thing, one構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，如：someone, anything等。

注意區(qū)分這些不定代詞的意思和用法：

1. some 和any

some 常用于肯定句中，但也可用在表示提供幫助和請(qǐng)求幫助提建議的疑問(wèn)句中。如：

1)Please give me some bananas. 請(qǐng)給我一些香蕉。

2)Would you like some apples? 你想要些蘋果嗎?

any常用于疑問(wèn)和否定句中，表示“一些”，但也可用在肯定句中表示“任何一個(gè)”經(jīng)常加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。如：

1)Are there any desks in the classroom?教室里有一些桌子嗎?

2)If you have any questions, please ask me.如果你有一些問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)問(wèn)我。

3)I'm taller than any other student in our class. 我我比我們班的任何一個(gè)其他的學(xué)生都高。

2.many 和much

many修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：

1)There are many trees in the mountains. 山上有許多樹(shù)。

2)I have much homework to do. 我有許多作業(yè)要做。

3. little, a little, few, a few

little, a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，前者表示否定意義，后者表示“有一點(diǎn)”。前邊有only, just修飾，用a little。有very修飾用little。如：

1)There is little milk in the fridge.冰箱里沒(méi)有牛奶了。

2)There is a little milk in the bowl. 碗里有一點(diǎn)牛奶。

few, a few修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，前者表示否定意義，后者表示“有一點(diǎn)”。前邊有only, just修飾，用a few。有very修飾用few。如：

1)There are fewer and fewer trees here. 這兒有越來(lái)越少的樹(shù)。

2)There are a few new words in this article. 在這篇文章里有幾個(gè)生詞。

4. every 和each

every表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的“每一個(gè)都”;each表示兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的“每一個(gè)都”。如：

1)Every student has a book. 每個(gè)學(xué)生有一本書(shū)。

2)On each side of the road there are three trees. 在路的每一邊有三棵樹(shù)。

5. both, neither和either

both表示兩個(gè)“都”。neither表示兩個(gè)“都不”謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。either表示兩個(gè)中的“任一個(gè)”。neither = not… either。如：

1)Both of them are students. 他們兩個(gè)人都是學(xué)生。

2)Neither of us has a fever. 我們兩個(gè)人都沒(méi)有發(fā)燒。

3)On either side of the road, there are three trees. 在路的每一邊有三棵樹(shù)。

6. all和none

all表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上“都”，none表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上“都不”，none of + n.(可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞)， 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)和名詞保持一致。如：

1)All the students are playing on the playground. 所有的學(xué)生正在操場(chǎng)上玩兒。

2)--- How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有幾個(gè)學(xué)生?

---None. 一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。

7. other和another

other可構(gòu)成詞組one…, the other…，(范圍是兩個(gè))。可構(gòu)成詞組some…, others…, some…, some …, others…,。如：

1)I have two pen. One is red. The other is blue. 我有兩支鋼筆。一只是紅色的。另一只是藍(lán)色的。

2)There are some students on the playground. Some are running. Some are playing. The others are jumping. 操場(chǎng)上有一些學(xué)生。一些正在跑。一些正在玩兒。另一些正在跳。

another剩下的很多中的另一個(gè)，不確定是哪一個(gè)。修飾名詞單數(shù)或代詞。如another boy。another two = two more另外的兩個(gè)。如：

Please give me another two books. 請(qǐng)給我再拿兩本書(shū)。

8. nothing, none

nothing, 什么也沒(méi)有 ;none 一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。如：

1)There is nothing but a book in the box. 箱子里沒(méi)有什么東西，只有一本書(shū)。

2)None of you can get good grades. 你們沒(méi)有一個(gè)人能夠得到好成績(jī)。

9. 復(fù)合不定代詞

(1)放于形容詞前被修飾。如：something else, something interesting。

(2)做主語(yǔ)，看做單數(shù)。

(3)復(fù)合不定代詞后不能加of。如：anyone of us (×)，any one of us. 如：

1)I want to read something interesting. 我想讀一些有趣的東西。

2)Something is wrong with the watch. 這只手表有毛病了。

10. that, those

The book on the desk is newer than that/ the one in the desk.桌子上的那本書(shū)比桌子兜里邊兒那本書(shū)新。

The books on the desk are newer than those/ the ones in the desk.桌子上的那些書(shū)比桌子兜里邊兒的那些書(shū)新。

11.打電話用語(yǔ)：

---Who’s that? 你是誰(shuí)?

--- This is Linda.我是琳達(dá)。

12. 兩個(gè)句型

1)---Who is in the classroom?

---Nobody./No one. 沒(méi)有人。

2)---How many students are in the classroom?

---None. 一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。

(指示代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞略。)

02

中考真題

1.Nancy, carrots are good for__eyes. Eat some, please.

A.my B. your

C. her D. his

2.---My ruler is broken. Can I borrow ___?

--- Of course. Here it is.

A.his B. hers

C. mine D. yours

3. Please come in, Alice. Welcome to ___ house.

A. her B. his

C. my D. your

4. ---Is this Kate’s bicycle?

---No,__ is under the tree.She put it there this morning.

A.his B. hers

C. mine D. yours

5.Thanks for inviting__ to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoyed it.

A.her B. him

C. you D. me

6.I bought a present for__. I hope you like__.

A.your;this B.yours;that

C. you;it D. you;one

7.Mr. Jackson is a popular writer and we all like reading __ books.

A.his B. her

C. their D. your

8.Don’t ask what this country can do for you.Ask__ what you can do for this country.

A.yourselves B.you

C.themselves D.them

9.---Sally,I have__ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.

---Great!

A.anything B.something

C.everything

10.---What did Chinese President XiJinping say during the epidemic?

--- __is more important than people’s safety and health.

A.Nothing B.Everything

C.Something D.Anything

11.---Have you brought __ with you? We won’t have time to come back.

---Don’t worry . All the thing we need are here, in this big bag.

A.everything B.something

C.anything

12.---When shall we go on a picnic, Saturday or Sunday?

--- __is OK.I’m free the weekend.

A.Neither B.All

C.Either D.Both

13.---Here is a schoolbag. Whose is it?

---Oh, it's.Thank you.

A.my B.mine C.me

14.Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cookfor me during my stay in Canada.

A. something different B.anything different

C. nothing different

15.____ my father my mother take good care of me. I love them so much.

A. either; or B. both, and

C. neither; nor

16.----Why are you so tired these days ?

----Well ,I have work to do.

A too much B. too many

C. much too D. many too

17.---If there are people driving , there will be air pollution.

---Yes, the air will be fresher and cleaner.

A. fewer; less B. less; less

C. less; fewerD. fewer; fewer

18. There are many flowers and trees on ___sides of the Century Road .

A. each B. every

C. both D. all

19.--- Can I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning ?

----___is OK.I’m free today and tomorrow .

A Either B Neither

C both D None

20.---When are you going camping ?

--- ______today or tomorrow . We’ll be free these days .

A Neither B Either

C both

21.____my father___ my mother is able to drive a car. However , they are going to buy one.

A. Neither; nor B Both;and

C. Either;or D.Not only; but also

22.----Would you like to have__apples?

---No,thank you. I’ve hadenough.

other two B.anther two

C.more two D.two others

23.----Excuse me,is there ___ in today’s newspaper? --No, nothing.

something new B.new something C.anything new

24.---Which would you like , tea or coffee?

---____is OK,I don’t mind.

A.Either B.Both C.Any

25.—Is there ____ beefin the fridge?

—No, there isn’t. There is ____ pork.

A.some; any B.any;any

C.some;some D.any;some

26.Aunt Tina will visit us soon. ____is arriving tomorrow morning.

A.He B.She

C.His D.Her

27.At present,children mean ____ to most parents in China.

A.everything B.nothing

C.anything D.something

28.—Shall we meet at 8 o’clock next Sunday morning ?

— I won’t be free then. Let’s make it ______day.

A. other B. another

C. the other

29.Bill thoughtnecessary to work with friends and share different ideas.

A. it B. they

C. them D. him

30.I’ve been so bored fora long time. I hope to haveto do.

A. exciting anything B. nothing exciting

C. something interesting D. good something

31.—Can she play the guitar or the violin ?

—____. But she can play the drums.

A.Both　B.Either

C.Neither

32.___of us wants to go to the park todaybecause we have to finish so much homework.

A. Either B. Both

C. Neither

33. They were all very tired, but ___ of them took a rest.

A. none B. all

C. both D. either

34.—How was your trip in Chengdu?

—Not so good. I stayed there for two days, but it rained on ____ of the days.

A. none B. neither

C. both D. all

35.—How is Helen in the new school?

—She is doing very well. There is____ to worry about.

A. something B. anything

C. nothing D. everything

36.—Whose pen is this?

—Oh, It’s____. I was looking for it everywhere.

A. you B. yours

C. me D. mine

37.—We have red and yellow T-shirts. Which color do you like?

—I’m afraid ____. I think blue will be OK.

A. both B. either

C. neither D. none

38. It’s easy to find a good hotel in our city because we have ____ of them here.

A. none B. few

C. many D. each

39. The Zhang family are looking forward to owning a house, Last week they went to see several houses, but ____ of them was suitable.

A. either B. neither

C. none

40.—Which basketball player do you like best, Kobe, James or Jordan?

—___ of them. Lin Shuhao is my favorite.

A.All B.None

C, Either D. Neither

03

真題答案

1-5 BDCBD 6-10 CAABA 11-15 CCBAB 16-20 AACAB 21-25 ABCAD 26-30 BABAC 31-35 BCACC 36-40 DCCCD

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